Global surface temperatures were generally high throughout the Paleocene
and Eocene, with a particularly warm spike at the boundary between the
two geological epochs around 56 million years ago. Temperatures in the
distant past are inferred from proxies, in this case, oxygen isotope
ratios from fossil foraminifera, single-celled marine organisms. "Q"
stands for Quaternary. Graphic produced using data from Zachos and Hansen, with help from Dr. Carrie Morrill, Director of the World Data Service for Paleoclimatology.
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